Case Summary (G.R. No. L-1992)
Fact Summary and Background
The prosecution’s case revolves around the unlawful arrest and subsequent disappearance of Antonio Azarraga, who was allegedly aiding guerrilla forces during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines. Witness Maria A. Saquitang testified that her brother was arrested on September 6, 1944, by three individuals, known to be Filipino spies working with the Japanese. She claimed to have seen her brother bloodied and bound at the Central Hotel, where he was after his arrest. Saquitang further alleged that a ransom of P10,000.00 was demanded for his release, and she paid P8,000.00 without receiving her brother in return.
Witness Testimonies
Witness Trinidad Azarraga corroborated Saquitang’s testimony, noting that her husband, Antonio, was taken by the same individuals. Cirilo Custodio testified about his own arrest on October 6, 1944, by three men, which included Apostol, who identified themselves as members of the Kempei-Tai (Japanese military police). He described a subsequent meeting where a bribe of P2,000.00 was given for his release. Other witnesses also identified Apostol as being involved in the series of arrests.
Defense Testimony and Claims
In his defense, Apostol denied the allegations and claimed he was merely the driver of a vehicle used during the arrests. He argued that he had no involvement in any arrests or the subsequent transactions involving money. He further asserted that he was forced to accompany the others on the day in question.
Analysis of Evidence
The court evaluated the testimonies and evidence, particularly focusing on the witness identification of Apostol due to his physical characteristics – a mole and scar under his left eye. The court found the testimonies of the witnesses credible as they collectively described the modus operandi of Apostol and his associates in their interactions with victims whom they arrested under the pretext of serving the Japanese.
Legal Findings
The court determined that the actions of Apostol, as described by the witnesses, constituted treason under Article 114 of the Revised Penal Code, as he was providing aid and comfort to the enemy during a time of war. His affiliation with the Japanese spies and the established pattern of extorting money from individuals under arrest supported the conclusion of his guilt.
Judicial Decision
The trial court sentenced Romeo Apost
...continue readingCase Syllabus (G.R. No. L-1992)
Case Background
- The case involves the trial of Romeo Apostol, who was accused of treason for his active involvement in the arrest of individuals aiding guerrilla forces during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines.
- The primary witnesses against the accused included family members of the arrested individuals and others who were involved in the events surrounding their arrests.
Testimonies of the Prosecution
Maria A. Saquitang:
- Sister of the arrested Antonio R. Azarraga, testified about witnessing her brother’s arrest on September 6, 1944.
- Identified three Filipino spies, including the accused, who demanded P10,000 for her brother's release.
- She saw her brother tied and bleeding at the Central Hotel when she went to deliver the ransom.
- After paying P8,000, she was coerced to sign a receipt for the money, which was never returned.
Trinidad Azarraga:
- Wife of Antonio Azarraga, corroborated Maria's testimony regarding the arrest and identified the accused.
- Expressed her belief that her husband was dead as he had not returned since the arrest.
Cirilo Custodio:
- Testified about his own arrest on October 6, 1944, by three men claiming to be from the Kempei-Tai.
- Spoke of delivering P2,000 to secure his release, indicating the presence of the accused during this transaction.
Eligio Custodio:
- Cirilo’s brother, confirmed the