Title
National Exchange Co., Inc. vs. Dexter
Case
G.R. No. 27872
Decision Date
Feb 25, 1928
A subscriber remains personally liable for unpaid stock balance despite a stipulation limiting payment to dividends, as such agreements violate statutory law and public policy.

Case Summary (G.R. No. 27872)

Relevant Facts

The plaintiff, through the Philippine National Bank, sought to recover a balance of P15,000 from the defendant, which represented the par value of one hundred fifty shares of capital stock owned by Dexter in C. S. Salmon & Co. Dexter had subscribed for three hundred shares on August 10, 1919. The payment of P15,000 was made in January 1920 from dividends declared by the company, along with personal funds from Dexter. No further payments had been made, and no additional dividends were declared afterward.

Legal Issue

The sole legal question presented was whether the clause in Dexter's subscription agreement—that payment is contingent upon the declaration of dividends—exempts him from personal liability to pay for the shares in a lawsuit intended to recover the value owed.

Trial Court's Decision

The trial court ruled in favor of the plaintiff, concluding that the stipulation regarding dividends did not relieve Dexter of his obligation to pay the full par value of the shares. Dexter subsequently appealed this decision.

Corporate Law Principles

The court relied upon established corporate law, noting that corporations, in the absence of specific charter restrictions, may set subscription terms that do not violate positive law or public policy. Specifically, section 74 of the Organic Act of 1902 and sections of the Corporation Law enacted thereafter dictate that stock can only be issued for actual cash or property at fair valuation equivalent to the par value of said stock.

Analysis of Subscription Validity

The court emphasized that allowing Dexter's agreement—wherein his payment obligation was contingent upon dividend distributions—would undermine the law prohibiting the issuance of stock without actual payment. Such a stipulation would discriminate against other shareholders and creditors by potentially depriving them of the capital they are entitled to.

Co

...continue reading

Analyze Cases Smarter, Faster
Jur is a legal research platform serving the Philippines with case digests and jurisprudence resources.