Title
Menzi and Co., Inc. vs. Chuan
Case
G.R. No. 46278
Decision Date
Oct 26, 1939
A surety bond executed by Quing Tong Co. secured King Meng's post-bond debts to Menzi & Co., Inc. Payments were misapplied; the Supreme Court ruled the surety was not liable for pre-bond debts, affirming the Court of Appeals' decision.

Case Summary (G.R. No. 46278)

Factual Background

King Meng incurred an original debt of P 3,168.80 with Menzi & Co., Inc. on October 3, 1932. To secure this debt, Quing Tong Co. provided a bond amounting to P 10,000, which included conditions guaranteeing payment for all merchandise purchased by King Meng from Menzi & Co., Inc., either in his name or under the name of King Yap Yek, at an interest rate of 12 percent. Subsequent purchases by King Meng amounted to P 32,453.70, leading to an aggregate debt of P 35,622.30 when combined with the pre-existing balance. King Meng made payments totalling P 35,264.60.

Legal Issues and Claims

The critical legal question revolves around the application of payments made by King Meng. Menzi & Co., Inc. initially allocated these payments towards satisfying the older debt of P 3,168.80 before addressing the more recent purchases. Following these payments, the plaintiff asserted a remaining balance of P 358 due from Quing Tong Co. The trial court ruled in favor of Menzi & Co., Inc., but this decision was reversed by the Court of Appeals, which dismissed the complaint against Quing Tong Co.'s estate.

Application of Payments

The appellate court found that the trial court's application of payments was inappropriate. According to Article 1174 of the Civil Code, in cases of multiple debts, payments should be allocated to the most burdensome matured debts unless otherwise agreed upon. The debt from King Meng’s merchandise purchases, totaling P 32,453.70, was deemed more burdensome than the original debt because it accrued interest. The payment allocation should have prioritized these heavier debts, meaning that King Meng's payments ought to have been applied to the more recent debts first, rather than the previous balance.

Legal Precedents and Implications

The Court of Appeals referred to prior case law, affirming that a surety's obligation under a bond does not extend to debts incurred before the execution of said bond. Consequently, since the bond provided by Quing Tong Co. did not cover debts accumulated prior t

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