Title
Llorente vs. Sandiganbayan
Case
G.R. No. 85464
Decision Date
Oct 3, 1991
Atty. Llorente, acquitted of graft, held civilly liable for unjustly withholding Curio’s clearance, causing financial harm; ordered to pay P90,000 in damages.

Case Summary (A.M. No. P-1279)

Facts of the Case

A significant number of PCA employees were required to apply for clearances that confirmed they had no pending accountabilities for the purpose of obtaining their gratuity benefits. Llorente's role involved approving or denying these clearances. Subsequent to the reorganization, clearances for Mrs. Perez and Mr. Azucena were approved despite outstanding obligations, which were deducted from their gratuity benefits. Conversely, Mr. Hermenigildo Curio faced delays in obtaining his clearance due to pending accountabilities, which were highlighted by Llorente in December 1981.

Charges and Acquittal

An information was subsequently filed against Llorente for allegedly violating Section 3(c) of the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act due to his refusal to issue Curio a certificate of clearance, thereby depriving him of his gratuity benefits and employment opportunities. However, the Sandiganbayan acquitted Llorente, citing the absence of evident bad faith, and stating that his actions were within legal bounds.

Sandiganbayan's Civil Liability Ruling

Despite acquitting him of criminal liability, the Sandiganbayan held Llorente civilly liable for damages, stating that he abused the rights attributed to him under Articles 19 and 27 of the Civil Code. It determined that his actions, although not made with fraudulent intent, resulted in Curio sustaining damages. The Sandiganbayan found that Llorente's inconsistent treatment of Curio compared to other employees demonstrated a degree of bias that warranted civil liability.

Legal Basis for Decision

The legal framework applied includes the 1987 Philippine Constitution and the Civil Code provisions relevant to good faith and the performance of public duties. It was concluded that Llorente’s actions, while legally oriented, nevertheless resulted in unjust discrimination against Curio. The decision aligns with Article 19 of the Civil Code, which mandates that the exercise of rights should be performed in good faith and with justice.

Damages Awarded

The Sandiganbayan awarded compensatory damages to Curio amounting to P90,000. This figure was calculated based on the projected lost income resulting from Llorente's refusal to issue the clearance. The determination of damages included estimating Curio's potential earnings over five years while accounting for reasonable expenses, emphasizing the financial

...continue reading

Analyze Cases Smarter, Faster
Jur helps you analyze cases smarter to comprehend faster—building context before diving into full texts.