Title
Jaro vs. Court of Appeals
Case
G.R. No. 127536
Decision Date
Feb 19, 2002
Land dispute over tenancy claims; petitioner accused of ejecting respondent, ruled in favor initially, reversed by DARAB; procedural errors in appeal led to dismissal, Supreme Court remanded for merits.

Case Summary (G.R. No. 127536)

Antecedent Facts

On November 12, 1992, Rosario Vda. de Pelaez filed a complaint against Cesar Jaro with the DARAB regarding the ownership and tenancy of a coconut land parcel covered by TCT No. T-79099. The land was originally owned by Rosenda Reyes, who allegedly established Rosario and her husband as tenants. After purchasing the land from Rosenda's heir, Ricardo Padua Reyes, Jaro contended that Rosario was not a tenant, stating that she had never shared in the harvest and was merely an occupant. The Provincial Adjudicator ruled in favor of Jaro, concluding that Rosario was not a tenant, due to conflicting affidavits regarding her tenant status.

DARAB’s Decision

Rosario appealed the Provincial Adjudicator's decision to the DARAB, which reversed the earlier ruling on April 22, 1996. The DARAB emphasized that the land was agricultural and applicable under Republic Act No. 1199. It granted Rosario tenant status, citing substantial evidence despite the inconsistencies in earlier affidavits. The DARAB determined that Jaro was required to officially acknowledge Rosario as a de jure tenant and adhere to a lease contract.

Proceedings in the Court of Appeals

After the DARAB's ruling, Jaro's appeal to the Court of Appeals was dismissed on procedural grounds as he failed to adhere to Supreme Court Revised Administrative Circular No. 1-95. His initial petition was deemed inadequate, lacking proper certification of documents. An amended petition was filed after the dismissal; however, it was also dismissed for not fulfilling the requirements under the same circular.

Petitioner's Arguments

Jaro asserted that the Court of Appeals’ dismissal of his amended petition was unwarranted and based on technicalities that should have been relaxed in favor of substantial compliance. He contended that the non-payment of an appeal fee invalidated the DARAB's decision and that the DARAB had committed errors of jurisdiction that warranted annulment of its decisions.

Court's Ruling

The Supreme Court found merit in Jaro’s petition, arguing that the Court of Appeals was too rigid in its application of procedural rules. The decision underscored the need for rules of procedure to facilitate rather than hinder justice. The Court determi

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