Title
Jabinal vs. Overall Deputy Ombudsman
Case
G.R. No. 232094
Decision Date
Jul 24, 2019
Public official notarized documents without prior authority, violating R.A. 6713; Ombudsman's probable cause finding upheld by Supreme Court.

Case Summary (G.R. No. 161115)

Factual Background

On December 4, 2015, the Field Investigation Office of the Ombudsman, represented by Teddy F. Parado, filed a complaint against Atty. Jabinal for violating Section 7(b)(2) of Republic Act No. 6713 (R.A. 6713), which prohibits public officials from engaging in the private practice of their profession without prior authorization. The complaint highlighted that Jabinal notarized two documents in 2008 without the required authority from the NHA.

Allegations and Counterarguments

The complaint alleged that Jabinal received payment amounting to P30,000 for notarizing the documents, asserting that her actions fell within the definition of private practice. In response, Jabinal claimed that she had previously filed petitions for notarial commissions and asserted inadvertence in notarizing the documents due to her belief that she was still authorized to do so.

Ombudsman’s Findings

On May 16, 2016, the Ombudsman found probable cause against Jabinal for her acts of notarization without the required authority. The subsequent Joint Order on December 2, 2016, denied her motion for reconsideration, affirming the previous findings and allowing criminal charges to be filed against her.

Legal Issues Raised

Jabinal challenged the Ombudsman's findings on the grounds of grave abuse of discretion, arguing that her notarization acts did not constitute habitual or unauthorized private practice of law. She emphasized her good faith belief in holding an active notarial commission during the pertinent period.

Court's Analysis

The Court maintained that the Ombudsman has the discretion to investigate and determine the presence of probable cause regarding complaints against public officials. Judgments made by the Ombudsman are generally respected by higher courts unless there is a clear demonstration of grave abuse of discretion.

Definition of Probable Cause

The Court established that probable cause indicates sufficient facts to engender a well-founded belief that a crime has likely been committed. It does not require conclusive evidence to secure a conviction, but rather an opinion based on reasonable belief.

Application of Law

Under Section 7(b)(2) of R.A. 6713, public officials are barred from engaging in private practice without appropriate authorization. Jabinal's admission of notarizing documents while lacking official notary status in 2008 was pivotal in the Court's reluctance to find in her favor. The absence of a written authority from the NHA in 2008 rendered her acts as a violation of the law.

Good Faith and Habituality

Despite Jabinal's c

...continue reading

Analyze Cases Smarter, Faster
Jur helps you analyze cases smarter to comprehend faster—building context before diving into full texts.