Title
Insular Life Assurance Co., Ltd. vs. Feliciano
Case
G.R. No. 47593
Decision Date
Dec 29, 1943
Evaristo Feliciano, with advanced tuberculosis, secured life insurance through fraudulent misrepresentations by the insurer's agent and medical examiner. The Supreme Court ruled the policies void ab initio, holding Evaristo complicit, entitling beneficiaries only to a premium refund.

Case Summary (G.R. No. 47593)

Facts of the Case

Evaristo Feliciano signed an insurance application on October 12, 1934, despite being informed by Dr. Trepp, the examining physician, that he was in a serious medical condition. The application contained a question regarding previous lung ailments, to which Feliciano allegedly answered "No." The petitioner claimed this answer was submitted by the company's soliciting agent, Romulo M. David, in collusion with the medical examiner, Dr. Gregorio Valdez, who were motivated by a sales contest incentive provided by the company.

Stipulations in Insurance Policies

The insurance policies included significant stipulations establishing a framework for the contractual obligations between the parties. Notably, they clarified that the application and the policy formed the entire contract, specifying that only authorized company officials had the power to bind the company in writing. The applicant’s declarations were stated to be the basis of the policy.

Petitioner’s Arguments

The petitioner argued that the policies were null and void ab initio, asserting the respondents were entitled only to a refund of premiums paid. They contended that Feliciano’s failure to disclose his medical condition and that providing false answers should render him and his beneficiaries unable to claim benefits under the policies.

Judicial Reasoning

The majority opinion concluded that Evaristo Feliciano, by signing the application—even if in blank—made the agent and medical examiner his representatives for accurate responses, thus holding him accountable for their misrepresentations. Despite being aware of his failing health and condition, Feliciano accepted the policies and thus assumed knowledge of the application’s content.

Conclusion of the Case

In its decision, the court reversed the previous judgment of the Court of Appeals, ruling in favor of the respondents but allowing only a refund of premium payments amounting to P1,389 with legal interest. The decision emphasized Feliciano’s complicity in the misconduct regarding the application and subsequent representations made by the agents, reinforcing the principle that individuals bear responsibility for the truths they assert in contractual agreements, especially when they are party to fraudulent actions.

Concurring and Dissenting Opinions

Chief Justice Yulo concurred with the majority, emphasizing the necessity for accountability in insurance practices, while Justice Hontiveros dissented, arguing that Feliciano should not be held liable f

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