Title
Supreme Court
Cruz, Jr. vs. Joven
Case
A.M. No. MTJ-00-1270
Decision Date
Jan 23, 2001
Judge Joven failed to resolve an unlawful detainer case promptly, unjustifiably inhibited himself twice, and neglected judicial duties, resulting in a fine and a directive to decide the case within 30 days.

Case Summary (A.M. No. MTJ-00-1270)

Timeline of Events

The unlawful detainer case was initiated on February 22, 1996, with summons served to the defendant on February 28, 1996. Instead of answering the complaint, the defendant’s counsel requested an extension of time to answer and sought the inhibition of Judge Joven due to a prior complaint against him lodged with the Ombudsman. Judge Joven denied the request for an extension, affirming that it was a prohibited pleading under the Revised Rules on Summary Procedure, but granted the motion for inhibition to maintain impartiality. However, this inhibition was later overturned by then Executive Judge Salvador G. Cajot, allowing Judge Joven to proceed.

Failure to Resolve the Case

Judge Joven received various motions from Cruz, including requests for judgment on the pleadings and to present evidence, but took no action. In a court order dated March 26, 1997, he indicated that since no answer had been filed by the defendant, a judgment would be issued within thirty days, yet no decision was forthcoming. Following the appointment of a new Executive Judge, Hon. Thelma C. Villareal, Judge Joven again moved to inhibit himself from the case, claiming potential partiality due to the situation with the defendant.

Admission of Oversight

In his response to the complaint, Judge Joven admitted to having neglected to resolve Cruz's motion to present evidence, attributing this to an inadvertent oversight. He reiterated his reasoning for recusal, citing concerns over his impartiality stemming from the administrative complaint against him. Nevertheless, his inability to decisively manage the case was flagged as a significant failure in judicial duty.

Recommendations from the Office of the Court Administrator

The case was reviewed by the Office of the Court Administrator (OCA), which concluded that the complaint had merit and recommended that it be re-docketed as an administrative case. The Court subsequently approved this recommendation and invited both parties to indicate preferences for case resolution based on existing pleadings. Cruz agreed, but Judge Joven did not comply with the Court’s resolution.

Judicial Duty and Accountability

The Court found that Judge Joven’s handling of the unlawful detainer case, initiated in February 1996, constituted a failure to fulfill his obligations. The Court noted that the mere existence of an administrative complaint against a judge does not serve as valid grounds for inhibition from cases they are presiding over. Exec

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