Title
Clark vs. Sellner
Case
G.R. No. 16477
Decision Date
Nov 20, 1921
Defendant held liable as joint surety on promissory note; presentment unnecessary, delay in filing not laches, collateral depreciation irrelevant.

Case Summary (G.R. No. 16477)

Nature of the Promissory Note

The note stipulated that it was guaranteed by three signatories, including Sellner, who expressly promised to pay the sum of P12,000 to Clark, with an interest rate of ten percent per annum. The note further indicated the obligation of the signers to cover attorney's fees amounting to ten percent of the owed sum if collection was necessary.

Material Facts and Contentions

Sellner's defense hinged on claims that he neither received any funds from the transaction nor was he required to pay due to his status as an accommodation party. However, the court found that Sellner's liability as a signer was established irrespective of whether he received any benefit from the note. According to Section 60 of Act No. 2031, known as the Negotiable Instruments Law, Sellner was a joint and several debtor under the agreement.

Legal Principles and Interpretation

It was noted that presentment of the note for payment was not essential for holding Sellner liable, given that he was primarily liable as a signer. The court referenced Section 70 of the Negotiable Instruments Law to reinforce this point. The discussion also touched upon the nature of accommodation parties, clarifying that a signer's status does not alter the obligations associated with the execution of the note.

Position as Joint Surety

Sellner's involvement was characterized as that of a joint surety rather than merely an accommodation party. This characterization is significant because joint sureties have the right to act after the note's maturity, including paying off debts to seek reimbursement from co-signers. The record did not provide evidence of any action taken by Sellner to secure collateral security.

Holder for Value

R. N. Clark, as the holder for value, was entitled to pursue payment from Sellner and other signers of the note, as stipulated in the law. The fact that the collateral security initially pledged to guarantee the note depreciated did not relieve Sellner of his obligations to pay. The court established that Clark was justified in his demand for payment based upon his status as a holder of the note.

Laches and Delay in Action

The trial court decided against Clark, asserting that his delays constituted laches, thereby extinguishing his right to sue. The appellate court disagreed, clarifying that the mere delay of a creditor does not impair their ability to enforce rights unless explicitly stated in the contract requiring prompt action. This principle is critical in the realm of suretyship, where the creditor's inaction typic

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