Title
Vigilar vs. Aquino
Case
G.R. No. 180388
Decision Date
Jan 18, 2011
DPWH awarded a dike construction project to Aquino, who completed it but was unpaid. Despite the void contract, SC ruled Aquino entitled to quantum meruit payment for services rendered, overriding state immunity and administrative exhaustion doctrines.
A

Case Digest (G.R. No. 198531)

Facts:

  • Invitation to Contract and Award
    • On 19 June 1992, Angelito M. TwaAo, OIC-District Engineer of DPWH Pampanga 2nd Engineering District, sent an Invitation to Bid to Arnulfo D. Aquino of A.D. Aquino Construction and Supplies for the construction of a dike by bulldozing part of Porac River at Barangay Ascomo-Pulungmasle, Guagua, Pampanga.
    • On 7 July 1992, the project was awarded to Aquino under a “Contract of Agreement” amounting to ₱1,873,790.69.
  • Performance of the Contract
    • Aquino completed the project by 9 July 1992.
    • A Certificate of Project Completion dated 16 July 1992 was issued by Project Engineer Romeo M. Yumul, Chief of Construction Section Romeo N. Supan, and OIC-District Engineer TwaAo.
  • Dispute Arises and Trial Court Proceedings
    • Aquino claimed an unpaid balance of ₱1,262,696.20; DPWH refused payment.
    • Aquino filed Civil Case No. 3137 before the RTC of Guagua, Pampanga, seeking collection of money with damages.
    • DPWH raised defenses: (a) state immunity from suit, (b) failure to exhaust administrative remedies, and (c) void contract under PD No. 1445 for lack of appropriation and COA certificate of availability of funds.
  • Decisions of the Lower Courts
    • On 28 November 2003, the RTC ordered DPWH to pay Aquino ₱1,873,790.69, attorney’s fees of ₱50,000.00, and costs.
    • On 25 September 2006, the Court of Appeals declared the contract null and void ab initio, reversed the RTC decision, and directed COA to determine and allow quantum meruit payment to Aquino.

Issues:

  • Whether the Court of Appeals erred in holding that the doctrine of non-suability of the State has no application.
  • Whether the Court of Appeals erred in not dismissing the complaint for failure to exhaust administrative remedies.
  • Whether the Court of Appeals erred in ordering COA to allow payment on a quantum meruit basis despite non-compliance with PD No. 1445.

Ruling:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Ratio:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Doctrine:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

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