Facts:
The United States v. Panglima Indanan, G.R. No. 8187, January 29, 1913, the Supreme Court (of the Philippine Islands), Moreland, J., writing for the Court; Arellano, C.J., Torres, Johnson, and Trent, JJ., concur.The plaintiff-appellee is the United States; the defendant-appellant is Panglima Indanan, tried for murder. The trial court below convicted Indanan of murder and sentenced him to be hanged; the present record is an appeal to the Supreme Court from that judgment.
On March 24–25, 1912, the accused, who was the recognized headman of Parang, sent a man named Induk to fetch Sariol to his house. When Sariol arrived the next day, Indanan ordered witnesses Akiran and Suhuri to tie Sariol’s hands behind his back; Sariol remained bound until night. In the evening Indanan ordered Sariol taken to the Chinese cemetery and killed, asserting that he had an order or warrant from the governor authorizing such action. He instructed Akiran to be present and to assist, even lending or directing the use of his bolo. At an isolated spot in the cemetery, Kalyakan struck the first blow and Akiran assisted; Sariol was killed while bound. On return, Indanan expressed approval of the killing.
At trial witnesses testified that Indanan, as headman, exercised powerful influence over the community: his commands were obeyed as if they were governmental orders, and his assertion of having a governor’s warrant produced obedience. The trial court found premeditatio...(Pro-only)
Issues:
- Was Panglima Indanan criminally liable as a principal by inducement for the murder of Sariol?
- Did the facts establish premeditation and the aggravating circumstances of despoblado and nocturnity, qualifying the kill...(Pro-only)
Ruling:
- (Pro-only)
Ratio:
- (Pro-only)
Doctrine:
- (Pro-only)