Title
Spouses Vazquez vs. Ayala Corporation
Case
G.R. No. 149734
Decision Date
Nov 19, 2004
A dispute arose between the Vazquez spouses and Ayala Corporation over the purchase of four lots under a 1981 MOA. The Court ruled the MOA granted a right of first refusal, not an option contract, and Ayala’s 1990 market price offer was valid. The Vazquez spouses lost their right by rejecting the offer.
A

Case Digest (G.R. No. 24534)

Facts:

  • Memorandum of Agreement (MOA), April 23, 1981
    • Parties and subject
      • Spouses Daniel and Ma. Luisa Vazquez sold all shares of Conduit Development, Inc. (Conduit) to Ayala Corporation.
      • Conduit’s main asset: 49.9-ha property in Ayala Alabang.
    • Division of property
      • Retained Area: 18,736 sqm retained by the Vazquez spouses.
      • Remaining Area: to be developed by Ayala into a first-class subdivision.
    • Key stipulations
      • Paragraph 5.7: Ayala “commits” to develop the Remaining Area and “intends” to complete the first phase of its amended plan within three years from the MOA date.
      • Paragraph 5.15: Ayala agrees to give the spouses a first option to purchase four developed lots adjacent to the Retained Area “at the prevailing market price at the time of purchase.”
    • Sellers’ warranties and buyer’s obligations
      • Sellers warrant no pending suits or liabilities, except GP Construction billings and advances by Daniel Vazquez.
      • Buyer’s purchase price: ₱56,623,338.80, plus reimbursement for GP Construction billings and advances.
  • Development, subcontract dispute, and litigation
    • Suspension of Conduit’s Village 1; GP Construction subcontracted to Lancer General Builders.
    • Lancer claimed ₱1,509,558.80; on March 22, 1982 sued GP Construction, Conduit, and Ayala. GP Construction cross-claimed.
    • Suit dismissed with prejudice on February 19, 1987 after Ayala paid a total of ₱4,686,113.39.
  • Subsequent letters, development, and refusal of price terms
    • No demand by spouses after April 23, 1984; instead, letters via agent (Engr. Turla) acknowledged legal delay and expected phase completion by February 19, 1990.
    • Early 1990: Ayala finished development around the four lots and offered them at ₱6,500/sqm. Spouses insisted on 1984 price of ₱460/sqm and eventually negotiated down to ₱5,000/sqm, still rejected.
  • Procedural history
    • RTC (Sept. 11, 1995): Awarded specific performance at ₱460/sqm, attorney’s fees of ₱200,000.
    • CA (Sept. 6, 2001): Reversed RTC, finding spouses breached warranties, no binding 3-year obligation on the lots, no default, and paragraph 5.15 is only a right of first refusal.
    • SC petition (Oct. 11, 2001) for review under Rule 45; conflicting factual findings warranted SC examination.

Issues:

  • Did petitioners breach their warranties under the MOA by failing to disclose the Lancer claim?
  • Was Ayala obliged to develop and offer the four lots (in the third phase of its amended plan) within three years under paragraph 5.7?
  • Was Ayala in delay or default for not offering the lots within the three-year period, given the absence of a formal demand?
  • Does paragraph 5.15 create an option contract or only a right of first refusal?

Ruling:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Ratio:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Doctrine:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

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