Title
Spouses Nazareno vs. Almario
Case
A.M. No. RTJ-94-1195
Decision Date
Feb 26, 1997
Judge Almario solicited money and favors from litigants, exhibited bias, and was found guilty of gross misconduct, leading to forfeiture of retirement benefits.
A

Case Digest (G.R. No. 146367)

Facts:

  • Complaint and parties
    • Complainants: Spouses Romeo P. Nazareno and Elisa A. Nazareno filed a sworn complaint dated 28 February 1994 for gross misconduct or acts unbecoming a judge against Judge Enrique M. Almario, then Presiding Judge, RTC, Branch 15, Naic, Cavite.
    • Complaint allegations summarized: respondent solicited and accepted money and food from the Nazarenos; threatened to remove Romeo as estate administrator; asked the Nazarenos to change counsel; denied motions and dismissed an appeal.
  • Specific factual allegations by Elisa Nazareno
    • Mid-1990, at respondent's court office in Trece Martires City, respondent invited Elisa to his chamber and said he needed "plenty of money" because he was near retirement, and asked her to help.
    • At a later meeting in the Trece Martires City Hall office, respondent told Romeo he would replace him as estate administrator because of Romeo's conviction in a criminal case filed by his sister Natividad.
    • In 1992 at Roschelle Restaurant in Naic, Elisa delivered P10,000 to respondent after he asked for money; respondent appeared not fully satisfied and Elisa promised to raise more.
    • November 1992, respondent sent his employee "Joe" to ask the Nazarenos to bring food to Seaside Beach at the request of respondent; the Nazarenos ordered food costing not less than P2,500 and, while at the beach, Elisa silently handed respondent another P10,000.
    • The morning after the Seaside Beach visit, a woman brought a cottage key intended for "Ate Naty" (Natividad P. Nazareno), whom the Nazarenos identified as their adversary in the estate case.
    • December 1992, respondent's employee Roldan brought Elisa to respondent's office and respondent requested food for a staff gathering at Aroma Beach and asked Elisa to "change his salary check" because he needed cash that day; Elisa returned with P7,500 cash which she gave to respondent but did not receive the salary check in exchange.
    • Respondent allegedly urged the Nazarenos to change their lawyer; after they refused, they alleged respondent began denying motions and exhibited bias, including dismissal of an appeal for timeliness which the municipal court had transmitted.
  • Investigation, witnesses, and respondent's denials
    • The Office of the Court Administrator (OCA) recommended assignment to an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals for full investigation on 14 June 1994; the Court approved and designated Associate Justice Conchita Carpio Morales on 27 July 1994.
    • Witnesses who testified before Justice Conchita Carpio Morales included:
      • Elisa Nazareno — affirmed complaint, testified to giving two separate P10,000 payments, giving food on two occasions, and giving cash for respondent's salary check which respondent did not give a check for.
      • Romeo Nazareno — confirmed at least four pending cases before respondent; corroborated Elisa regarding the P20,000 total, the food deliveries, and the P7,500 cash given for the salary check.
      • Remedios Antipuesto — helper for Elisa; recalled preparing food picked up by respondent's employee "Joe."
      • Roldan Alcantara — utility worker assigned to respondent's sala; testified he sometimes encashed respondent's salary checks and saw the Nazarenos at Seaside Beach and that they handed food to respondent's sister-in-law.
      • Jose R. Salvadora, Jr. — legal researcher in respondent's sala; observed Elisa bringing a "casserola" of f...(Subscriber-Only)

Issues:

  • Primary liability questions
    • Whether Judge Enrique M. Almario committed gross misconduct and dishonesty by soliciting and accepting money and food from litigants, specifically the Nazarenos.
    • Whether respondent engaged in conduct unbecoming a judge by exerting improper influence on matters involving the Nazarenos and by advising them to change counsel.
  • Penalty and remedial questions
    • If liable, whether the appropriate penalty is dismissal from the service.
    • If respondent had alread...(Subscriber-Only)

Ruling:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Ratio:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Doctrine:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

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