Title
Spouses Liu vs. Court of Appeals
Case
G.R. No. 238805
Decision Date
Sep 23, 2020
Spouses Liu discovered fraudulent annotations on their land title, filed for recovery, but case dismissed due to jurisdictional error; MTC, not RTC, had authority.

Case Digest (G.R. No. 238805)
Expanded Legal Reasoning Model

Facts:

The petitioners, spouses Jimmy M. Liu and Emile L. Liu, are the registered owners in fee simple of a parcel of land covered by Transfer Certificate of Title (TCT) No. T-296879. They reported the loss of their owner’s duplicate copy of the title and, upon executing an Affidavit of Loss, discovered that the duplicate later carried forged annotations—a purported Affidavit of Recovery, a spurious Special Power of Attorney, and an “Absolute Deed of Sale” allegedly transferring the property to private respondent Alvin Cruz. A notary public later attested that his signature appeared on the forged documents without his authorization. In their complaint filed before the Regional Trial Court (RTC) of Davao City, the petitioners sought the nullification of the fraudulent documents and the cancellation of the title issued in favor of Cruz, aiming to have the property reconveyed to them. Respondent Cruz, in his answer, denied the allegations, asserting that he acquired the property in good faith as a purchaser for value and that the forged annotations on the title were duly inscribed. He also raised a motion to dismiss on the ground of lack of jurisdiction given the low assessed value of the property. The RTC denied the motion, leading to further proceedings and appealable orders which were eventually rendered by the Court of Appeals (CA). The CA determined that the assessed value of P19,840.00 placed the subject case within the exclusive jurisdiction of the Municipal Trial Court (MTC) rather than the RTC.

Issues:

  • Whether the CA committed grave abuse of discretion in its approach to determining jurisdiction based on the assessed value contained in the petitioners’ complaint.
  • Whether the CA erred in holding that the subject case, an action involving title to real property, should fall under the jurisdiction of the MTC as determined by the property’s assessed value.
  • Whether petitioners may raise their grievances through a Petition for Certiorari under Rule 65 when a plain, speedy, and adequate remedy (namely, a petition for review on certiorari under Rule 45) was available, especially after they missed the latter’s filing period.

Ruling:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Ratio:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Doctrine:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

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