Title
Siquian vs. People
Case
G.R. No. 82197
Decision Date
Mar 13, 1989
A mayor falsified a public document by certifying funds for a non-existent position, leading to his conviction for falsification under the Revised Penal Code.

Case Digest (G.R. No. 184315)
Expanded Legal Reasoning Model

Facts:

  • Procedural Background
    • Manuel L. Siquian, then municipal mayor of Angadanan, Isabela, was charged by information under Article 171(4) of the Revised Penal Code for falsification of a public document—issuing a certification dated July 1, 1975, stating that funds were available for a clerk position which did not exist and for which no funds had been appropriated.
    • He pleaded not guilty and was tried before Branch XX of the Regional Trial Court (RTC) of Cauayan, Isabela.
  • Appointment of Jesusa Carreon and Certification
    • In June 1975, Jesusa B. Carreon applied for employment; the mayor agreed to appoint her clerk to the Office of the Municipal Secretary and on July 1, 1975 issued Civil Service Form No. 203 certifying fund availability.
    • Carreon took her oath and worked from July to December 1975 without pay; after unsuccessful salary claims she filed a verified complaint on April 20, 1976.
  • Municipal Budget and Plantilla of Personnel
    • The municipal council failed to enact the 1975–1976 annual budget; by Presidential Decree No. 477 the 1974–1975 budget was deemed reenacted, and its Plantilla had no clerk position or appropriation for the Municipal Secretary.
    • No ordinance created the position; other new positions shown in the 1974–1975 Plantilla had been validly filled by earlier appointments.
  • Trial and Appeal
    • The RTC convicted Siquian, sentencing him to an indeterminate penalty of 5 years, 8 months, and 1 day to 7 years of imprisonment and a fine of ₱3,000.
    • The Court of Appeals affirmed the conviction and imposed costs against the accused-appellant.

Issues:

  • Whether petitioner lacked criminal intent in issuing the false certification.
  • Whether petitioner took advantage of his official position in committing the falsification.
  • Whether the statement “funds for the position are available” is a conclusion of law rather than a narration of facts.
  • Whether petitioner was denied due process when the RTC proceeded with trial in his absence despite a pending petition for change of venue.

Ruling:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Ratio:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Doctrine:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

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