Title
Simon, Jr. vs. Commission on Human Rights
Case
G.R. No. 100150
Decision Date
Jan 5, 1994
CHR ordered vendors’ stalls demolition halted, fined petitioners for contempt; Supreme Court ruled CHR exceeded jurisdiction, lacking authority over business rights.

Case Digest (G.R. No. 100150)
Expanded Legal Reasoning Model

Facts:

  • Parties and Origin of the Case
    • Petitioners: Brigido R. Simon, Jr., Carlos Quimpo, Carlito Abelardo, and Generoso Ocampo—officials of the Quezon City Integrated Hawkers Management Council.
    • Respondents: Commission on Human Rights (CHR), private complainants led by Roque Fermo (North EDSA Vendors Association), and others as John Does.
  • Chronology of CHR Proceedings
    • Demolition Notice (9 July 1990): Issued by petitioner Quimpo directing vendors to vacate North EDSA stalls within three days to make way for a “People’s Park.”
    • Complaint to CHR (12 July 1990): Private respondents filed CHR Case No. 90-1580 alleging human rights violations; docketed by CHR.
    • CHR Interim Orders:
      • 23 July 1990 – Ordered petitioners to desist from demolition pending investigation and to appear before CHR.
      • 1 August 1990 – Found demolition carried out on 28 July; ordered financial assistance of up to ₱200,000 for vendors; reiterated desist order with contempt warning.
    • Motions to Dismiss Jurisdiction:
      • 10 September 1990 – First motion challenging CHR’s jurisdiction over “business rights.”
      • 18 September 1990 – Supplemental motion arguing CHR powers limited to civil and political rights.
      • 21 September 1990 – Hearing of motions and contempt charge.
    • Contempt Citation (25 September 1990): CHR fined each petitioner ₱500 for violating its desist order.
    • Denial of Motions (1 March & 25 April 1991): CHR denied motions to dismiss and for reconsideration, asserting broad quasi-judicial powers to protect human rights including right to earn a living.
  • Supreme Court Proceedings
    • Petition for Prohibition (filed post-April 1991): Petitioners sought to prohibit CHR’s further proceedings in Case No. 90-1580, restrain enforcement of contempt fines, and prevent disbursement of financial aid.
    • Temporary Restraining Order (18 June 1991): Supreme Court issued TRO directing CHR to cease and desist.
    • Arguments on Jurisdiction: Solicitor General excused; CHR filed comment; private respondents defaulted.

Issues:

  • Jurisdictional Scope of CHR
    • Whether CHR may investigate alleged violations of “business rights” (vendors’ privilege to engage in commerce).
    • Whether CHR may impose contempt fines (₱500 each) for non-compliance with its “desist” order.
    • Whether CHR may disburse up to ₱200,000 as financial assistance to affected vendors.
  • Justiciability and Remedies
    • Whether the petition remains proper given subsequent developments (mootness).
    • Proper scope of writ of prohibition against CHR.

Ruling:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Ratio:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Doctrine:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

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