Case Digest (G.R. No. 189255) Core Legal Reasoning Model
Core Legal Reasoning Model
Facts:
In Jesus G. Reyes v. Glaucoma Research Foundation, Inc., petitioner Jesus G. Reyes alleges that on August 1, 2003, he was engaged by respondent Glaucoma Research Foundation, Inc. (through its Eye Referral Center) as Administrator at a monthly salary of ₱20,000.00. He performed his duties until January 2005 but did not receive any pay from February 2005 onward. Despite this, he continued to report for work and, on April 11, 2005, wrote respondent Executive Director Manuel B. Agulto a letter notifying him of the withheld salaries and his unpaid 14th month pay for 2004. No response was given. On April 21, 2005, Reyes was informed by two assistants that he was no longer Administrator and his office was padlocked. On April 29, 2005, he was barred from entering the premises. Reyes filed a complaint for illegal dismissal with the National Labor Relations Commission (NLRC). Respondents maintained that Reyes was engaged solely as a consultant/adviser on organizational matters, that he se Case Digest (G.R. No. 189255) Expanded Legal Reasoning Model
Expanded Legal Reasoning Model
Facts:
- Petitioner’s Allegations
- On August 1, 2003, petitioner was hired by Glaucoma Research Foundation, Inc. as Administrator of its Eye Referral Center (ERC) with a monthly salary of ₱20,000.00.
- From February 2005, respondents withheld his salary and 14th-month pay without notice. Despite this, he continued reporting to work.
- On April 11, 2005, petitioner wrote to Executive Director Manuel Agulto informing him of unpaid salaries; no response was received.
- On April 21, 2005, petitioner was informed he was no longer ERC Administrator, and his office was padlocked. On April 29, 2005, he was barred entry to the premises.
- Respondents’ Contentions
- Petitioner was engaged as a consultant/adviser in corporate organizational structure and later self-designated as ERC Administrator on a trial basis.
- No employer-employee relationship existed: petitioner set his own hours, was unsupervised in method, and received consultancy allowances. Respondents allege voluntary severance, not dismissal.
- Procedural History
- Labor Arbiter (LA) Decision (Jan. 20, 2006): dismissed petitioner’s complaint for failure to prove employer-employee relationship.
- NLRC Decision and Resolution (May 2008): reversed LA, found illegal dismissal, ordered reinstatement with full backwages; motion for reconsideration denied.
- Court of Appeals (CA) Decision (Apr. 20, 2009) and Resolution (Aug. 25, 2009): annulled NLRC, reinstated LA; denied petitioner’s motion for reconsideration.
- Petition for Review on Certiorari filed with the Supreme Court, raising two principal grounds.
Issues:
- Whether the CA erred in not dismissing respondents’ petition for certiorari due to improper verification under the 2004 Rules on Notarial Practice.
- Whether the CA erred in ruling that no employer-employee relationship existed between petitioner and respondents.
Ruling:
- (Subscriber-Only)
Ratio:
- (Subscriber-Only)
Doctrine:
- (Subscriber-Only)