Title
Supreme Court
Philippine College of Criminology, Inc. vs. Bautista
Case
G.R. No. 242486
Decision Date
Jun 10, 2020
Gregory Bautista challenged his removal as President and Board Chairperson of the Philippine College of Criminology, filing separate actions (Quo Warranto and Specific Performance) based on the same facts. The Supreme Court ruled he engaged in forum shopping, dismissing his claims to uphold judicial efficiency and prevent conflicting judgments.

Case Digest (G.R. No. 242486)
Expanded Legal Reasoning Model

Facts:

# Background of the Philippine College of Criminology

  • The Philippine College of Criminology was founded in 1953 by Supreme Court Associate Justice Felix Angelo Bautista, who served as its President and Board Chairperson until his death in 1985.
  • His son, Eduardo J. Bautista (Eduardo Sr.), succeeded him as President and Chairperson.
  • Five of Eduardo Sr.'s children are parties to this case: Gregory Alan F. Bautista (Gregory), Ma. Cecilia Bautista-Lim (Cecilia), Rodolfo Valentino F. Bautista (Rodolfo), Ma. Elena F. Bautista (Elena), and Eduardo F. Bautista, Jr. (Eduardo Jr.).

# Presidential Order No. 1 and Certificate of Acquiescence

  • On May 18, 2006, Eduardo Sr. issued Presidential Order No. 1, designating Gregory as his successor for the positions of President and Board Chairperson in the event of his demise or incapacity.
  • Gregory and his siblings signed a Certificate of Acquiescence, agreeing to abide by Presidential Order No. 1.

# Gregory's Assumption of Office

  • On September 26, 2006, Eduardo Sr. relinquished his position as President in favor of Gregory, and no one opposed this.
  • On July 30, 2007, the Bautista Family executed a Memorandum of Agreement, ensuring that the management of the Philippine College of Criminology and Manila Law College would remain within the family.

# Eduardo Sr.'s Death and Gregory's Removal

  • Eduardo Sr. passed away on July 26, 2008, and Gregory assumed the position of Chairperson of the Board of Trustees.
  • On January 31, 2011, a Special Joint General Membership, Board of Trustees, and Organizational Meeting was held without Gregory's attendance. During this meeting, Cecilia was elected as President and Board Chairperson, replacing Gregory.

# Gregory's Legal Actions

  • On March 25, 2011, Gregory filed a Petition for Quo Warranto (Civil Case No. 11-125408), challenging his removal on the grounds of lack of quorum and violation of Presidential Order No. 1. The Regional Trial Court dismissed this petition for being insufficient in form and substance.
  • On February 9, 2012, Gregory filed a Complaint for Specific Performance, Intra-Corporate Controversy, and Damages (Civil Case No. 12-127276), seeking the invalidation of Resolution No. 25, which expelled him from the Board of Trustees, and a declaration that he was still a Board Member.

# Regional Trial Court and Court of Appeals Decisions

  • The Regional Trial Court dismissed Gregory's Complaint for Specific Performance on the grounds of forum shopping and lack of merit.
  • The Court of Appeals reversed the Regional Trial Court's decision, reinstating Gregory's Complaint and remanding the case for further proceedings.

Issues:

  • Whether the Court of Appeals erred in ruling that Gregory did not engage in forum shopping.
  • Whether the Court of Appeals erred in remanding the case to the Regional Trial Court for further proceedings.

Ruling:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Ratio:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Conclusion:

The Supreme Court ruled that Gregory engaged in forum shopping by filing two separate actions based on the same set of facts and causes of action. The Court reinstated the Regional Trial Court's decision dismissing Gregory's Complaint for Specific Performance, emphasizing the importance of judicial efficiency and the prohibition against forum shopping.

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