Case Digest (G.R. No. 223099) Core Legal Reasoning Model
Core Legal Reasoning Model
Facts:
In 1936, appellants Tranquilino Lagman and Primitivo de Sosa, Filipino citizens over twenty years of age, received notices from the Acceptance Board pursuant to Section 60 of Commonwealth Act No. 1 (the National Defense Law) to register for compulsory military service between April 1 and 7. Despite proper notification, neither appeared by the time the information was filed. In the Court of First Instance, their defense rested on family obligations—De Sosa, fatherless, had a mother and an eight-year-old brother to support; Lagman supported his father—and personal aversion to killing. Both were convicted of refusing to register and sentenced to one month and one day of imprisonment with costs. They appealed, challenging the constitutionality of the National Defense Law.Issues:
- Does Sectio
Case Digest (G.R. No. 223099) Expanded Legal Reasoning Model
Expanded Legal Reasoning Model
Facts:
- Parties and Procedural History
- Appellants: Tranquilino Lagman and Primitivo de Sosa, Filipino citizens who reached age twenty in 1936.
- Plaintiff: The People of the Philippines, prosecuting under Commonwealth Act No. 1 (National Defense Law), Section 60.
- Allegations and Evidence
- Appellants were notified to register for military service between April 1 and 7, 1936, before the Acceptance Board.
- Despite these notices, neither appellant had registered by the date the information was filed.
- Defenses Raised
- Primitivo de Sosa claimed he was fatherless and needed to support his mother and eight-year-old brother.
- Tranquilino Lagman claimed he was the sole support of his father and had no military leanings or desire to kill or be killed.
- Trial Court Decision
- The Court of First Instance found both appellants guilty of violating Section 60, Commonwealth Act No. 1.
- Sentences: one month and one day of imprisonment, plus costs. Appeals were then filed.
Issues:
- Constitutionality of Conscription
- Whether compulsory military service under Section 60 of Commonwealth Act No. 1 violates Section 2, Article II of the Constitution.
- Validity of Personal Hardship Defenses
- Whether family-support obligations or personal convictions excuse failure to register.
Ruling:
- (Subscriber-Only)
Ratio:
- (Subscriber-Only)
Doctrine:
- (Subscriber-Only)