Title
Missionary Sisters of Our Lady of Fatima vs. Alzona
Case
G.R. No. 224307
Decision Date
Aug 6, 2018
A religious group’s donation acceptance, initially voided due to lack of incorporation, was upheld by the Supreme Court, recognizing corporation by estoppel and donor’s clear intent.

Case Digest (G.R. No. 163091)
Expanded Legal Reasoning Model

Facts:

  • Parties and Background
  • Petitioners
    • Missionary Sisters of Our Lady of Fatima (Peach Sisters of Laguna), a religious-charitable group under the Roman Catholic Bishop of San Pablo.
    • Superior General: Rev. Mother Ma. Concepcion R. Realon.
    • SEC Certificate of Incorporation issued August 31, 2001.
  • Respondents
    • Legal heirs of the late Purificacion Y. Alzona (donor).
    • Initially represented by her brother Amando Y. Alzona (now succeeded by his heirs).
  • Antecedent Facts
  • Purificacion owned two parcels (TCT Nos. T-57820* and T-162375) and co-owned another (TCT No. T-162380) in Calamba City, Laguna.
  • In 1996, she supported the petitioner’s mission; in 1997, diagnosed with lung cancer and entrusted her care to Mother Concepcion.
  • October 1999 handwritten letter: Purificacion declared her intent to donate her house and lot and riceland to the petitioner.
  • August 28, 2001: petitioner filed SEC registration upon advice of Atty. Nonato Arcillas.
  • August 29, 2001: Purificacion executed a notarized Deed of Donation Inter Vivos transferring the three properties to the petitioner, accepted by Mother Concepcion on the same date.
  • January 14, 2002: BIR granted donor’s tax exemption to the petitioner.
  • Register of Deeds refused registration due to an Affidavit of Adverse Claim by Amando Alzona.
  • October 30, 2001: Purificacion died intestate; Amando filed suit April 9, 2002 to annul the deed, alleging the petitioner lacked juridical personality at donation time.
  • August 14, 2013: RTC dismissed the complaint, held petitioner a de facto corporation capable of accepting donation.
  • January 7, 2016: CA partly granted respondents’ appeal, voided the deed for lack of petitioner’s juridical personality; denied damages.
  • April 19, 2016: CA denied petitioners’ motion for reconsideration.
  • Petitioners elevated the case to the Supreme Court via Rule 45 petition for certiorari.

Issues:

  • Whether the Deed of Donation by Purificacion in favor of the petitioner is valid and binding.
  • Whether the petitioner, as donee, had legal capacity (juridical personality) at the time of donation.
  • Whether Mother Ma. Concepcion R. Realon had authority to accept the donation on behalf of the petitioner.
  • Whether doctrines of de facto corporation, corporation by estoppel, ratification, and privity in estate apply to uphold the donation.

Ruling:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Ratio:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Doctrine:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

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