Title
Libres vs. National Labor Relations Commission
Case
G.R. No. 123737
Decision Date
May 28, 1999
A manager suspended for sexual harassment after internal investigation upheld by courts; due process observed, retroactive application of anti-harassment law denied.
A

Case Digest (G.R. No. 121828)

Facts:

  • Parties and positions
    • Carlos G. Libres was an electrical engineer serving as Assistant Manager of National Steel Corporation.
    • The administrative and adjudicative respondents were the National Labor Relations Commission and officers of National Steel Corporation including Isidro F. Hynson, Jr. and other company officials.
  • Initiation of investigation and charges
    • On 3 August 1993 Isidro F. Hynson, Jr., petitioner’s immediate superior, issued a Notice of Investigation requesting a written explanation from Carlos G. Libres regarding a charge of sexual harassment made by Susan D. Capiral concerning acts allegedly committed in May 1992.
    • The notice warned that failure to file a written explanation would be construed as waiver of the right to be heard.
  • Petitioner’s responses and internal inquiry
    • On 14 August 1993 Carlos G. Libres submitted a written explanation denying the accusation and offering to submit to clarificatory interrogation.
    • Isidro F. Hynson, Jr. conducted an internal investigation in which both Libres and Capiral were invited and participated.
    • Hynson, Jr. submitted his report to the Management Evaluation Committee (MEC).
  • MEC findings and disciplinary action
    • The MEC concluded that the charges against Libres violated Item 2, Table V of the Plant’s Rules and Regulations, defined as unauthorized acts or omissions resulting in loss, damage or injury to the person or property of any employee or the company.
    • The MEC characterized the acts as touching Capiral’s hand and shoulder, caressing her nape, and statements that Capiral hugged and kissed or responded to sexual advances, which damaged her honor.
    • The MEC relied on a definition of sexual harassment from the Philippine Daily Inquirer Manual and concluded that petitioner’s acts constituted sexual harassment.
    • The MEC recommended suspension of Libres for thirty days without pay.
  • Administrative exhaustion and implementation
    • On 5 January 1994 Libres requested reconsideration from Melchor Q. Villamor, Vice President for Manufacturing, which was denied.
    • The suspension order was implemented on...(Subscriber-Only)

Issues:

  • Jurisdictional and procedural challenges presented by petitioner
    • Whether the NLRC committed grave abuse of discretion or acted without or in excess of jurisdiction in finding that Carlos G. Libres committed sexual harassment justifying suspension.
    • Whether Libres was denied due process by the company and the MEC when his request for personal confrontation was allegedly disregarded.
  • Substantive statutory contention
    • Whether the NLRC and Labor Arbiter erred in not applying Republic Act No. 7877 in determining whether petitioner’s acts constituted sexual harassment.
    • Whether petitioner’s alleged acts satisfied the elements of sexual harassment under Sec. 3 of RA No. 7877, specifically whether the acts (fondling hand and massaging shoulders) (a) discriminated against continued employment, (b) impaired ...(Subscriber-Only)

Ruling:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Ratio:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Doctrine:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

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