Facts:

The case of Dee See Choon vs. J.S. Stanley, Insular Collector of Customs, was decided by the Philippines Supreme Court on April 10, 1918. The appeal arose from a civil case involving Dee See Choon, the appellant, who was represented by her attorney on behalf of her husband. The appellee, J.S. Stanley, was the Insular Collector of Customs. The court had already received the necessary briefs and memoranda from both the appellant and the Government, and the case was set to be submitted for judgement. After a voting process among the justices, a judgment was reached, although it had not yet been promulgated.

At this stage, both the appellant and the Attorney-General (representing the appellee) jointly requested that the appeal be dismissed. The court observed that no specific rule governed the dismissal or withdrawal of appeals in this context, except in cases of the death of a party. Consequently, the Supreme Court found it appropriate to establish a rule in line with modern appell

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Facts:

Parties Involved

• Dee See Choon – Plaintiff and Appellant.
• J. S. Stanley – Defendant and Appellee, acting in his official capacity as the Insular Collector of Customs.

Status and Procedural Background

• The appeal had already been perfected with briefs and memoranda presented on both sides.
• The case was properly placed on the calendar and submitted; judgment had been voted upon but not yet promulgated.
• Attorneys for the appellant, acting on behalf of her husband, sought leave to withdraw the appeal.
• The Attorney-General, representing the appellee, joined in requesting that the appeal be dismissed.

Absence of a Controlling Rule on Withdrawal/Dismissal

• There was no established rule within the court governing the practice regarding the withdrawal or dismissal of appeals, except in cases where information on the death of a party is involved.
• Recognizing the lack of formal provision, the court sought to announce a rule that aligns with modern appellate practices observed in other jurisdictions.

Adoption of a New Rule by the Court

• The court held that once an appeal has been submitted, an appellant wishing to withdraw the appeal must:
• Obtain the consent of the adverse party (or demonstrate that such consent is being unreasonably withheld).
• File a proper motion for withdrawal in the court.
• Secure the leave of the court for the withdrawal to be effective.
• The motions regarding the withdrawal/dismissal of the appeal were granted and the case was accordingly resolved.

Additional Commentary in the Concurrence

• Justice Torres, concurring in the decision, elaborated on the differences between withdrawing an appeal before the decision is promulgated versus after the case has been fully decided by the court.
• In civil cases, the withdrawal of an appeal necessitates the consent of the adverse party.
• In criminal causes, especially when the decision voted upon (but not yet promulgated) is absolutory, granting a petition for withdrawal from an appeal filed against a conviction is deemed inappropriate, even if the Attorney-General opposes.

Issue:

Existence and Applicability of a Withdrawal Rule

• Is it permissible for the court to establish a rule for the withdrawal of appeals in the absence of any controlling statute or regulation?
• How should the court reconcile modern appellate practices with traditional procedural arrangements?

Requirements for Withdrawing an Appeal

• Must the appellant always obtain the consent of the adverse party before withdrawing an appeal?
• What constitutes “insufficient reasons” for the adverse party withholding consent?
• What formal steps must an appellant take – including the filing of a proper motion and seeking the leave of the court – before the withdrawal of an appeal is allowed?

Procedural Disparities Between Civil and Criminal Cases

• How should the court differentiate its approach when dealing with withdrawal of appeals in civil cases versus criminal cases?
• In criminal cases, if the decision has been voted but not promulgated, under what circumstances can a withdrawal be sanctioned, particularly when the decision is absolutory?

Judicial Discretion and the Demand of Justice

• To what extent should the principles of justice and equity guide the court’s discretion in deciding petitions for withdrawal, especially in the rare instances when an appeal is withdrawn after a decision has been rendered but before its promulgation?

Ruling:

• (Subscriber-Only)

Ratio:

• (Subscriber-Only)

Doctrine:

• (Subscriber-Only)