Title
Bilag vs. Ay-ay
Case
G.R. No. 189950
Decision Date
Apr 24, 2017
Dispute over 159,496 sqm Baguio land; RTC dismissed quieting of title case, citing lack of jurisdiction over public land. SC upheld dismissal, ruling jurisdiction lies with Director of Lands.

Case Digest (G.R. No. L-23454)

Facts:

  • Parties
    • Petitioners
      • Bernadette S. Bilag, Erlinda Bilag-Santillan, Dixon Bilag, Reynaldo B. Suello
      • Heirs of Lourdes S. Bilag, Leticia Bilag-Hanaoka, Nellie Bilag
    • Respondents
      • Estela Ay-Ay, Andres Acop, Jr., Felicitas Ap-Ap, Sergio Ap-Ap
      • John Napoleon A. Ramirez, Jr., Ma. Teresa A. Ramirez
  • Subject Matter and Allegations
    • Quieting of Title Complaint (Aug. 12, 2004) filed in RTC, Baguio City, Branch 61
    • Respondents’ claim that Iloc Bilag sold them portions of a 159,496 sqm parcel (Approved Plan No. 544367, PSU 189147, Sitio Benin, Baguio City), delivered possession since 1976, introduced improvements, and registered Deeds of Sale
  • Procedural History
    • Petitioners’ Motion to Dismiss (Nov. 4, 2004):
      • Lack of jurisdiction (land is unregistered public domain under Baguio Townsite Reservation)
      • Prescription, laches, estoppel (27 years lapsed since sale)
      • Res judicata (earlier Civil Case No. 3934-R for injunction dismissed and became final)
    • RTC, Branch 61 Order (Oct. 10, 2005): Dismissal on grounds of no jurisdiction, deeds not perfect title, and res judicata
    • CA Decision (Mar. 19, 2009): Set aside RTC dismissal; remand for trial—held res judicata and laches/prescription inapplicable
    • CA Resolution (Sep. 3, 2009): Denial of motion for reconsideration

Issues:

  • Whether the Court of Appeals correctly set aside the RTC’s dismissal of Civil Case No. 5881-R and remanded the suit for trial.
  • Subsidiary: Whether the RTC had jurisdiction to entertain an action to quiet title over lands claimed to be unregistered public domain within the Baguio Townsite Reservation.

Ruling:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Ratio:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Doctrine:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Analyze Cases Smarter, Faster
Jur helps you analyze cases smarter to comprehend faster, building context before diving into full texts. AI-powered analysis, always verify critical details.