Title
Barroso vs. Omelio
Case
G.R. No. 194767
Decision Date
Oct 14, 2015
A co-equal court improperly issued a writ of injunction against another court's execution order, violating judicial stability and proper legal remedies.

Case Digest (G.R. No. 86051)
Expanded Legal Reasoning Model

Facts:

  • Proceedings in RTC-Br. 16, Davao City
    • In 2007, Edgar T. Barroso (petitioner) filed a complaint for sum of money, damages, and attorney’s fees against Dennis Li, including a prayer for a writ of attachment.
    • RTC-Br. 16 granted the writ of attachment; Dennis Li posted a counter-attachment bond purportedly issued by Travellers Insurance & Surety Corporation (Travellers).
    • On January 7, 2008, petitioner moved to approve a compromise agreement; on January 22, 2008, RTC-Br. 16 rendered a judgment on compromise.
    • Dennis Li failed to comply with the compromise; petitioner filed for execution. A writ of execution against Li was returned unsatisfied.
  • Execution upon counter-bond and separate action in RTC-Br. 14
    • Petitioner moved for execution against the counter-bond; RTC-Br. 16 issued an order on April 2, 2009, held a summary hearing, and issued an alias writ of execution on April 28, 2009, against both Li and Travellers.
    • Travellers requested seven days to validate the counter-bond (July 1, 2009), but instead filed on July 10, 2009, a petition for declaration of nullity, prohibition, injunction, and damages in RTC-Br. 14, praying for:
      • TRO and preliminary injunction enjoining enforcement of the April 28 writ of execution;
      • declaration nullifying the counter-bond;
      • actual and moral damages, attorney’s fees, and costs.
    • On July 29, 2009, RTC-Br. 14 issued a writ of preliminary injunction. The judge ruled that his court was the “proper forum” to determine the authenticity of the counter-bond and that an exception to non-interference with a coordinate court allowed issuance of the injunction.
  • Petition for certiorari in the Supreme Court
    • Petitioner’s motion for reconsideration was denied on September 15, 2010.
    • Petitioner filed a Rule 65 certiorari petition in the Supreme Court, alleging:
      • RTC-Br. 14 acted without jurisdiction;
      • preliminary injunction issued without requiring an injunction bond;
      • improper exercise of jurisdiction over an executive sheriff of a co-equal court.
    • Travellers contended that RTC-Br. 14 had jurisdiction to resolve the validity of the contract (counter-bond) and questioned the bond’s authenticity.

Issues:

  • Did RTC-Br. 14 have jurisdiction to issue a preliminary injunction against the writ of execution issued by RTC-Br. 16?
  • Was the writ of preliminary injunction null and void for violating the rule on non-interference among coordinate courts?
  • Should the court have required Travellers to post an injunction bond before issuing the preliminary injunction?

Ruling:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Ratio:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

Doctrine:

  • (Subscriber-Only)

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